As with surgery, there are now many newer and emerging radiation technologies, tools, and techniques, including radiosurgery (also called stereotactic radiosurgery) and proton beam therapy.

According to each patient’s unique demands, the treatment strategy may combine surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. There are now better brain tumour diagnostic tools, surgical methods, and treatment choices because to developments in medical technology and research.

Types of Brain Tumor

1. Primary– Our brain is where primary brain tumours start. They can arise from your nerve cells, brain cells, meninges, the membranes that surround your brain, and glands like the pituitary and pineal. Primary tumours can be malignant or benign. Gliomas and meningiomas are the most prevalent kinds of brain tumours in adults.

2. Gliomas– Gliomas are tumors that develop from glial cells. These cells normally support the structure of your central nervous system, provide nutrition to your central nervous system, clean cellular waste, break down dead neurons

3. Meningioma– Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor, accounting for more than 30% of all brain tumors. Meningiomas originate in the meninges, the outer three layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain just under the skull. Women are diagnosed with meningiomas more often than men

4. Neurofibroma– Neurofibromas are benign tumours that can develop on any part of the body’s nerves and are often painless. These fleshy, soft growths can occasionally form on the spinal cord, cranial nerves, or the brain. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a hereditary condition characterised by many neurofibromas as one of its symptoms.

5. Giant Cell Tumor– Named for their extremely large cells, giant cell tumors are rare bone tumors that usually affect the leg and arm bones. They may also be found in the skull. Most giant cell tumors are benign and occur in patients between 20 and 40 years of age.

6. Osteoma– Osteomas are benign bone tumours that typically appear on the base of the skull and the bones of the face. These slowly expanding tumours typically don’t manifest any symptoms. Large osteomas, however, may result in issues with breathing, vision, or hearing if they develop in specific regions of the brain.

Medications After Brain Tumor Surgery in India

There are several medicines that are helpful for reducing the symptoms of brain tumors. There are some of the medications are clinically tested and recommended by several physicians. They are:

• Corticosteroids: Doctors can prescribe medications like dexamethasone to reduce brain swelling and alleviate symptoms caused by increased pressure in the brain.
• Anticonvulsants: Brain tumors often cause seizures as a common symptom. Doctors may prescribe anticonvulsant medications like levetiracetam or phenytoin to help prevent or control seizures.
• Chemotherapy drugs: Doctors can use certain chemotherapy drugs to treat brain tumors, either as standalone treatment or in combination with other therapies. Examples include temozolomide, carmustine (BCNU), and lomustine (CCNU). The design of these medications is aimed at killing or slowing down the growth of cancer cells.

Conclusion

Brain tumors are increasing on a large scale worldwide. Malignant tumors can be life-threatening. Whether benign or malignant, treatment depends on the specifics of the tumor. There are several treatment initiatives that are to be considered for a brain tumor patient. Treatment such as different medications, targeted surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and others are really helpful in treating these patients.